The phenomenon of Arabic language absorption into Mandailing language: A sociolinguistic perspective
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Abstract
Around the 7th-8th century AD, Arabic began to color the Mandailing language when the influence of Arabic appeared together with the influence of Islam brought by Arab traders and preachers, which resulted in language contact. In the 7th century the Arabs had come to Indonesia to trade and mostly broadcast Islam. This study attempts to explore Arabic language absorption of words into the Mandailing language. The use of Arabic in the implementation of Muslim worship in the South Tapanuli Regency and Mandailing Natal Regency is predicted to result in absorption into the Mandailing language. From the analysis, it was found that the first phenomenon is that the absorbing language accepts foreign phonemes as they are without any changes. Then the second phenomenon is that the absorbing language makes phonological modifications to foreign phonemes and replaces them with the phonemes of the closest speakers of the absorbing language. The third phenomenon is a change by fully adjusting to the absorbing language. This research will provide knowledge for the community that many Arabic words are absorbed into Mandailing. This shows that there are features of Arabic compared to other foreign languages that can enrich the Mandailing language vocabulary.
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